Kayak Fishing in too cold weather

How Cold Is Too Cold For Kayak Fishing? Know The Optimum Weather!

Recently, we wrote an article on the wind tolerance of kayak fishing. During that time, Jack, who was the author, had the idea to write a guide on cold weather as well. Since I have often been involved in ice fishing in cold conditions, I present this article to you today. So, how cold is too cold for kayak fishing?

The answer isn’t specific because each kayak interacts with cold differently based on weight and design. Generally, anglers consider it too cold at below 60°F (15°C), indicating when it’s uncomfortable for kayak fishing.

Kayak Fishing in too cold weather

Let’s explore this threshold and how different kayaks handle such conditions.

Understanding Safe Water Temperatures

When planning a kayak fishing trip, understanding safe water temperatures is crucial to ensure both safety and success. Here are some key guidelines to keep in mind:

The National Center for Cold Water Safety recommends exercising caution when water temperatures fall below 70°F (21°C). At these temperatures, the risk of cold shock increases, which can be immediately life-threatening. Cold shock can cause rapid breathing, loss of breath control, and a spike in heart rate, making it difficult to stay afloat and increasing the risk of drowning.

120 Degree Rule

A helpful rule of thumb is the “120 Degree Rule,” which combines air and water temperatures. If the total is less than 120°F, special precautions are necessary. For example, if the air temperature is 60°F and the water is 50°F, the total is 110°F, indicating risky conditions without proper gear. This rule helps anglers assess the overall risk and prepare accordingly.

Man Fishing In Cold

Optimum Atmosphere Temperature Of Kayak Fishing

Above 70°F (21°C) This range is ideal for kayak fishing, posing minimal risk. The water is warm enough to avoid cold shock and hypothermia, allowing for a comfortable and safe experience.

60-70°F (15-21°C) Caution is needed in this range. It is suitable for fishing with appropriate gear such as wetsuits or drysuits to prevent hypothermia. Extra layers and moisture-wicking materials can help maintain body heat.

Below 60°F (15°C) This range is considered high risk. Advanced gear and skills are required to manage the dangers of cold shock and hypothermia. Only experienced kayakers with proper equipment should venture into these waters.

The Role of Temperature and Weather in Kayak Fishing

Weather can change rapidly, turning a seemingly safe trip into a hazardous one. A sunny, warm day can quickly shift to cold, windy conditions, especially near large bodies of water. These sudden changes can catch you off guard, leading to an increased risk of hypothermia and other cold-related issues. Let’s learn how temperature can affect your fishing experience.

1. Impact of Cold Water on Your Body

Sudden immersion in cold water can be a shock to the system, causing rapid breathing, an increased heart rate, and a loss of dexterity. This involuntary response can lead to panic and difficulty swimming, increasing the risk of drowning.

The cold shock response can occur in water temperatures as high as 77°F (25°C), making it crucial to be prepared even in relatively mild conditions.

Prolonged exposure to cold water can lead to hypothermia, where your body loses heat faster than it can produce it. This condition affects cognitive and motor functions, leading to confusion, sluggishness, and an inability to perform simple tasks.

Hypothermia can be fatal without prompt intervention. To stay safe, always wear a wetsuit or dry suit when kayaking in cold water and understand the signs of hypothermia, such as uncontrollable shivering and blue-tinged skin.

Hypothermia due to kayak fishing in rain and cold weather

2. Wind Chill

Wind chill can drastically lower your body temperature, even if the air temperature seems manageable. Wind blowing over wet clothing or exposed skin can increase heat loss, making it feel much colder than it actually is. This effect can significantly raise the risk of hypothermia.

Always dress in layers, wear windproof outer garments, and keep as much of your body covered as possible to protect against wind chill.

Effect of Cold Water on Fish and Aquatic Creatures

1. Fish Activity Levels

Cold water significantly slows down the metabolic rates of fish, making them sluggish and less likely to chase bait. When the water temperature drops, fish conserve energy by reducing their activity levels.

This is why you might notice that fish seem less active and are harder to catch in colder months. Understanding this can help you adjust your fishing techniques, perhaps by using slower retrieves and smaller lures that don’t require fish to expend much energy to capture.

In colder temperatures, fish tend to feed less frequently. Their digestive processes slow down, and they don’t need to eat as often.

This can impact your fishing strategy since fish might not be as eager to bite. Knowing the seasonal feeding habits of your target species is crucial. For example, during colder months, focus on fishing during warmer parts of the day when big fish are more likely to feed.

2. Species-Specific Responses

Species such as brown trout and salmon actually thrive in colder water and remain active throughout the winter. These fish have adapted to cold environments and can be targeted successfully in colder months.

They are more likely to be found in shallow waters where the oxygen levels are higher, making them more accessible to trout fishing anglers.

In contrast, species like largemouth bass and catfish become less active as the water temperature drops. They tend to move to deeper, warmer waters to maintain their body temperature. To catch these fish, you may need to adjust your fishing location and depth making use of the fish finders.

Targeting deeper areas with stable temperatures and using slower presentation techniques can increase your chances of success.

3. Aquatic Ecosystem Changes

Cold water holds more dissolved oxygen, which is generally beneficial for fish health. Higher oxygen levels can support more active and healthy fish populations. However, sudden temperature drops can cause stress, especially if the fish are not familiar with the rapid change. This stress can make them more susceptible to disease and affect their overall health.

Fish often move to different parts of a water body in response to temperature changes. During colder months, they may seek out deeper areas or locations with more cover to find stable temperatures and adequate oxygen levels.

Essential Gear for Cold Weather Kayak Fishing

1. Clothing and Layering

Base Layers – Start with moisture-wicking materials like Thermax, Duofold, or UnderArmour. These materials help keep sweat away from your skin, keeping you dry and warm. They form the first line of defense against cold by maintaining your body temperature.

Mid Layers – Add insulation with mid-layers made from fleece or wool. These materials trap heat and provide excellent warmth without adding too much bulk. Fleece is lightweight and breathable, while wool retains heat even when wet, making both ideal choices for cold-weather fishing.

Outer Layers – Protect yourself from wind and water with windproof and waterproof jackets and pants. Look for gear with sealed seams and durable materials to prevent wind and water penetration. This outer shell will keep the elements at bay, ensuring you stay dry and comfortable throughout your trip.

Check our recommendations on Best Rain Gear For Fishing – Top 5 Tested (You can use most of the items for cold weather as well)

2. Footwear and Accessories

Wool Socks and Insulated Boots – Keeping your feet dry and warm is crucial. Wool socks provide excellent insulation and wick moisture away from your skin. Pair them with insulated boots designed for cold weather to keep your feet warm and dry even in the harshest conditions.

Check our recommendations on Best Ice Fishing Boots – Top Choices for Warmth, Durability, and Grip

Boots for kayak fishing in cold weather

Gloves – Neoprene or wool gloves are essential for keeping your hands warm and functional. For added warmth, consider using pogies—mitts that attach to your paddle and allow you to grip it directly while keeping your hands protected from the cold. This combination ensures your hands stay warm without sacrificing dexterity.

Check our recommendations on Best Fishing Gloves – Based On Testing. Also, read our guide on Choosing Fishing Gloves – 5 Things You Must Look For

Headgear – A significant amount of body heat is lost through your head, so wearing a wool or fleece hat is vital. These materials provide excellent insulation, keeping your head warm and preventing heat loss. In extremely cold conditions, consider adding a balaclava or neck gaiter for extra protection.

Check our recommendations on Best Fishing Hats – Top 7 Recommendations

3. Immersion Gear

For water temperatures below 60°F, a dry suit is essential. Dry suits are designed to keep you completely dry by sealing out water, while also providing insulation to maintain body heat. They are crucial for preventing hypothermia if you end up in the water.

In slightly warmer conditions, wetsuits can be a suitable alternative. Wetsuits are designed to trap a thin layer of water between your body and the suit, which your body then warms up.

This layer of warm water acts as insulation, keeping you warm even when wet. Wetsuits are less bulky than dry suits and allow for greater flexibility and comfort in moderately cold conditions.

By equipping yourself with the right clothing and gear, you can stay warm and safe while enjoying kayak fishing in cold weather. Always prioritize staying dry and maintaining body heat to ensure a comfortable and successful fishing trip.

You might want to read:
Best PFD For Kayak Fishing
Do Professional Fishermen Wear Life Jackets? – Based on Real Stats

Tips for Kayak Fishing in Cold Weather

1. Preparation and Planning

Always stay updated with the latest weather conditions. Cold weather can be unpredictable, and sudden changes can pose significant risks. Before heading out, check reliable weather sources to ensure you’re prepared for any surprises.

It’s safer to fish closer to the shore during cold weather. In case of an emergency, you’ll have a quicker and easier exit route. This can be a lifesaver if the weather worsens unexpectedly or if you encounter any other issues on the water.

Always have an exit strategy. Know the closest points where you can safely leave the water if conditions become hazardous. Having a clear plan can significantly reduce panic and ensure a safe return.

planning fishing trips - plan ahead board

2. Safety Measures

A personal flotation device (PFD) is crucial for safety. In cold water, a PFD not only keeps you afloat but also provides some insulation, helping to retain body heat.

You can pack a dry bag with essential items like spare clothes, a towel, a fire starter, and other emergency supplies. Keeping these items dry and easily accessible can make a huge difference if you get wet or need to warm up quickly.

Even in cold weather, staying hydrated is essential. Cold air can be deceptively dehydrating, so keep drinking water. Also, bring high-energy snacks to keep your energy levels up throughout the trip.

3. Practice Self-Rescue Techniques

Practice rolling your kayak to minimize the time spent in the water if you capsize. This technique helps you get back into your kayak quickly, reducing exposure to the cold.

Regularly practice getting back into your kayak under different conditions. Being proficient in self-rescue techniques can be a lifesaver, ensuring you can handle unexpected situations efficiently.

Always prioritize safety, dress appropriately, and have a solid plan to ensure a successful and enjoyable fishing adventure.

FAQs

How can I tell if it’s too cold to go kayak fishing today?

Before heading out, check the air and water temperatures. A good rule of thumb is the “120 Degree Rule,” which combines the air and water temperatures; if the total is less than 120°F, it’s risky to go out without proper gear. Also, consider wind chill and weather forecasts. If there are warnings for sudden weather changes, high winds, or extremely low temperatures, it’s best to stay home, and always prioritize safety.

Can I use regular fishing gear in cold weather?

Yes, you can use regular fishing gear in cold weather, but make sure to adjust your setup. Use shorter rods for kayak fishing to handle better in confined spaces. Consider using reels and rod tips with cold-resistant lubricants and lines like braided or fluorocarbon that perform well in cold temperatures. Always ensure your gear is in good condition to avoid malfunctions at freezing points.

How can I stay hydrated and maintain energy levels while kayak fishing in cold weather?

Cold weather can be deceptively dehydrating, so drink water regularly even if you don’t feel thirsty. Bring a bottle of warmer water with a warm beverage for added warmth. Pack high-energy snacks like nuts, granola bars, and dried fruit to keep your energy levels up throughout the trip. Staying hydrated and well-nourished helps your body maintain air temperatures and overall endurance.

Check our recommendations on different kayaks suitable for fishing:

Best Overall Fishing KayaksBest Pedal Drive Fishing Kayaks – 10 Picks Tested
Best Inflatable Fishing Kayaks – Top 7 Reviewed

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Ethan Taylor brings lively energy to FishChart, with over ten years of experience in competitive fishing across the US. He's a go-to expert for improving fishing skills and conquering challenging catches, specializing in fly fishing and light tackle. Ethan's photography talents capture the thrill of fishing adventures, adorning our website and social media with unforgettable images for our guests to cherish.